5-Deazaflavin Capsules

The defining feature of the 5-deazaflavin scaffold is its altered redox behaviour relative to natural flavin. Chemical evaluations comparing flavin and 5-deazaflavin in modified flavoproteins described the deaza analogue as favouring two-electron, hydride-type transfer over the one-electron chemistry typical of flavosemiquinones, and comparative spectroscopic work characterised 5-deazaflavin radicals as structurally and electronically distinct from natural flavin radicals. Related analogue work on 5-thia-5-deazaflavin examined a variant capable of one-electron transfer, and photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization has been used to provide direct evidence of the 5-deazaflavin radical in solution. Deazaflavin chemistry also intersects with microbial cofactor biology, where 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin functions as a cofactor in methanogen enzyme systems, including deazaflavin-dependent NADP+ reductase and formate dehydrogenase, and where the biosynthetic route to the deazaflavin core has been examined in terms of radical-mediated steps.

Research endpoints reported for the scaffold fall into several separate lines. Enzymological studies have assessed relative substrate activity of 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin analogues in purified cofactor-dependent reductase assays. Photochemical studies have evaluated C5-substituted 5-deazaflavins as sensitizers in photodehalogenation of aryl halides, and separate work has examined DNA photocleavage together with DNA and serum albumin binding for bis(tetrahydro-5-deazaflavin) analogues. Medicinal chemistry series have reported 5-deazaflavin derivatives as inhibitors of HDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination, as sialic acid conjugates evaluated in antitumour screens, and as kinase-screened derivatives assessed in cell-based antitumour assays with accompanying docking and in silico ADME characterisation. In tissue-level work, the 5-deazaflavin derivative TND1128 has been examined in mouse brain slice preparations for effects on mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP-related readouts, with one report comparing it against beta-nicotinamide mononucleotide in the same preparation.

5-Deazaflavin entered the literature in the 1970s as a probe compound in mechanistic flavin chemistry, where substitution of carbon for nitrogen at position 5 was used to interrogate how flavoproteins carry out redox biocatalysis. Reconstitution of flavoproteins with the deaza analogue, and spectroscopic comparison of deazaflavin radicals with natural flavosemiquinones, established the scaffold as a mechanistic tool rather than a cofactor substitute. Parallel work on thia-substituted variants extended the series to analogues with differing electron-transfer character.

A second line developed from microbial biochemistry, where 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin was identified as a cofactor in methanogen enzymes and used in substrate-activity comparisons and in studies of formate dehydrogenase; later work addressed how the deazaflavin core is assembled biosynthetically. From the 1990s onward the scaffold was taken up in synthetic and medicinal chemistry, producing conjugates and substituted series evaluated against tumour cell lines, HDM2-p53 ubiquitination, and kinase panels, alongside photochemical applications. Most recently, the derivative TND1128 has been reported in mouse brain slice studies of mitochondrial membrane potential. The published record for the unsubstituted parent compound as a standalone research article is limited; most reports concern specific derivatives, and no single origin point for the capsule-format material offered here is documented.

Laboratory investigations involving 5-deazaflavin span mechanistic redox chemistry, cofactor enzymology, photochemistry, and derivative-based medicinal chemistry. Research frameworks have examined hydride versus single-electron transfer behaviour in reconstituted flavoprotein systems, radical and semiquinone structure by spectroscopic and polarization methods, substrate activity of 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin analogues in deazaflavin-dependent reductase assays, photosensitized dehalogenation and DNA photocleavage, inhibition of HDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination, kinase-screened antitumour derivative series, and mitochondrial membrane potential readouts in mouse brain slice preparations using the derivative TND1128.

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• 1 × sealed capsule bottle (10mg per capsule / Single Bottle - Pack of 60), batch-labelled
• Batch documentation for the lot shipped, once its certificate is published
• Discreet outer packaging with no product names on the exterior
• FedEx, tracked, typically 1–3 business days domestically

• Laboratory consumables of any kind
• Dosing, administration or protocol guidance of any kind